Nassau County EMT Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• Which statement best distinguishes respiration from ventilation?
• Delayed onset allergic reactions are most likely to occur in which patient scenario?
• Following nitroglycerin administration, which action best aligns with the protocol described?
• Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patients:
• Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when:
• When determining the exact location and position of patients inside a wrecked vehicle, you should routinely consider all of the following EXCEPT:
• Patients with tuberculosis pose the greatest risk for transmitting the disease when they:
• During an EMS call, you should take standard precautions:
• What is the main reason you should avoid entering a helicopter area by going under the body or tail boom?
• Why might a patient with a full-thickness burn not feel pain in the burned area?
• What is the most appropriate method to move a patient from bed to a wheeled stretcher?
• Which scenario is an example of a direct injury?
• Which action is most appropriate when you respond to a scene with potential firearm risk?
• Which of the following is the correct way to check for a carotid pulse in a patient who is hypothermic and unconscious?
• A flank injury with blood in the underwear most strongly suggests injury to which organ?
• Which statement regarding cervical collars is correct?
• During an unconscious patient’s insertion of an oropharyngeal airway, the patient gags violently. What should you do first?
• In infants and small children, where is skin color best assessed?
• Which is least likely to occur in a patient with a core body temperature between 89°F (32°C) and 92°F (33°C)?
• Why is asking about recent travel important when assessing potentially infectious disease?
• In the management of gestational diabetes during pregnancy, what treatment may be required for some patients?
• Abnormal variations in pupil size and reaction would most likely be observed in a patient with:
• Which communication approach is recommended when handling a patient in a behavioral crisis?
• Which facial bone forms the upper jaw?
• In patients with deeply pigmented skin, color changes are most reliably assessed in which areas?
• The recommended number of rescuers to remove a helmet from an unresponsive rider is:
• Which is the most common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious patient?
• In adults, bradycardia is defined as a pulse rate less than_____ beats/min, and tachycardia is defined as a heart rate greater than ____ beats/min.
• What is the term for a bluish tint to the skin indicating a lack of oxygen?
• Which statement is correct regarding the use of a cervical collar during immobilization?
• Which term describes an injury that involves complete detachment of tissue or a skin flap?
• Abnormal variations in pupil size and reaction would most likely be observed in a patient with:
• Which early signs are typical of hyperglycemia in a patient with diabetes?
• In the described patient with a generalized rash after starting an antibiotic, and wheezing, which action should you take in addition to providing oxygen?
• In addition to obtaining a SAMPLE history and questions related to the chief complaint, what else should you inquire about when assessing a patient with a potentially infectious disease?
• Regarding suctioning the adult oropharynx, which statement best describes the recommended technique?
• To ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to:
• How can rescuers ensure that they are providing effective breaths when using a bag-mask device?
• After epinephrine administration for an allergic reaction, which finding would indicate partial improvement?
• When arterial carbon dioxide rises above normal, what happens to respirations?
• During generalized hypothermia, why are the extremities at greater risk for local cold injury?
• Which vessels supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle?
• What sign would most strongly indicate progression of intracranial injury?
• Which fingers are recommended for palpating a pulse?
• When you begin an oral report, what information should you state about the patient?
• During assessment of a 29-year-old female with significant deformity to the left elbow and an absent radial pulse, with about 40 minutes transport time, you should
• The first rule of safe lifting is to:
• Which patient is in decompensated shock?
• Which practice best supports effective resuscitation teamwork?
• The crackling sound produced by air bubbles under the skin is called?
• What is the MOST reliable way to determine the nature of a patient’s illness?
• When treating partial-thickness burns to the hand, which dressing is recommended?
• Cheyne-Stokes respirations are best described as:
• To which of the following diabetic patients should you administer oral glucose?
• The first step in assessing a patient with a behavioral emergency is to:
• In anaphylaxis field management with poor signal, which statement describes the correct action?
• In which situation is an emergency patient move indicated?
• Which statement best describes the importance of pupillary reactions in a patient with a suspected neurologic problem?
• A core body temperature of 32-33°C corresponds to which Fahrenheit range?
• After the AED has delivered a shock, what is the EMT's next step?
• Which action best reduces risk during lifting?
• What is the initial action when a newborn has no respirations at birth?
• In a pulseless, apneic patient with an impaled rod in the leg, which sequence of actions represents the EMT's best order of care?
• If you notice the chest recoil is not complete during CPR, what should you say to the compressor?
• Which statement best explains the typical hemodynamic changes seen in a patient with hemorrhagic shock from trauma?
• An injury that separates soft tissue layers and results in a complete detachment or skin flap is called a(n):
• When should standard precautions be implemented according to the material?
• An adult at rest should have a respiratory rate that ranges between:
• Which of the following organs is NOT part of the digestive system?
• If you are not able to contact medical control for a hornet sting patient and is allergic, which action best reflects standard EMS practice?
• Hypoxia is defined as which of the following?
• Which structure is commonly taught to prevent food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
• A middle-aged man collapses. You and a second rescuer go to the victim and find that he is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a pulse. Which action is most likely to positively impact this victim's survival?
• Which statement describes the victim who requires high-quality CPR?
• When starting an oral report, which patient detail should be included first?
• You are approaching an unresponsive child at the base of the monkey bars; he is unresponsive and there are no signs of breathing. You should:
• A 67-year-old woman recently discharged after hip surgery presents with shortness of breath and sharp chest pain; dried blood around the mouth, facial cyanosis, SpO2 88%. Suspect
• In active labor with the infant's leg protruding, appropriate management includes which position?
• Which device is used to provide positive pressure ventilation with a single rescuer?
• Which step is essential when immobilizing an infant's spine after a fall?
• If direct pressure and a pressure dressing fail to stop severe external bleeding from an extremity, what should you apply?
• Situational awareness is most accurately defined as:
• What is the first action when you encounter a severely obese patient on the floor and needs lifting?
• After assisting with an MDI for an acute asthma attack, what is the next step?
• When core perfusion decreases, where is blood preferentially shunted to?
• External bleeding from a vein is relatively easy to control because:
• What technique helps calm an anxious patient during care?
• Which action best demonstrates CQI in everyday EMS practice?
• For an unresponsive patient with suspected spinal injury, which airway maneuver is preferred?
• Heatstroke occurs when
• In patients with deeply pigmented skin, color changes may be most observable in which areas?
• If spinal injury is suspected, which action should be maintained during patient handling?
• The crackling sound under the skin due to air is called:
• The pediatric patient should be removed from his or her car seat and secured to an appropriate spinal immobilization device if:
• A neck knife wound with significant bleeding would include which treatment?
• The secondary assessment may be deferred in which situation?
• In infants, capillary refill time should return to normal within:
• Which injury is commonly immobilized with a sling and swathe?
• Which of the following statements regarding a patient refusal is MOST correct?
• Which organ can tolerate inadequate perfusion for up to 2 hours?
• At a flow rate of 6 L/min, a nasal cannula can deliver an approximate oxygen concentration of up to:
• In a patient with blunt back trauma who is diaphoretic and restless and shows a blood pressure of 100/50 and pulse 120, which of the following is the most appropriate initial action?
• Which statement best describes how EMTs should interact with frightened, demanding, or unpleasant patients during care?
• In general, medivac helicopters should be utilized when:
• In the context of abdominal injury, tachycardia should be interpreted as which of the following?
• Where are defibrillator pads placed on the chest for standard adult AED use?
• Which of the following conditions often requires transport to a hospital with specialized capabilities that may not be available at the closest hospital?
• What happens when blood volume is lost from the body?
• The body's involuntary functions are regulated by which nervous system?
• The Bloody Show describes which of the following?
• When relaying patient information via radio, communications should be:
• What is the primary purpose of the continuous quality improvement (CQI) process in a healthcare setting?
• In the transport setting, when TB is suspected and airborne precautions are required, which combination of PPE is appropriate?
• Which scenario justifies an emergency move?
• The effects of epinephrine are typically observed within what time frame following administration?
• Which is proper technique for suctioning the oropharynx of an adult patient?
• With the flowmeter set at 6 L/min, the nasal cannula will deliver up to 44% oxygen.
• Which is the primary function of arteries?
• A 70-year-old patient presents with blistering burns on both arms and one leg. What burn depth is most consistent with these findings?
• Which combination of actions should you perform for a hypothermic patient who is apneic with unknown submersion time?
• Standing orders are MOST correctly described as:
• What is the initial dose of Narcan by the EMT?
• Skeletal muscle is also referred to as ____ muscle.
• The systemic veins function by:
• A pulse with a non-synchronous pattern is described as:
• A patient showing signs of shock after trauma has a rapid, weak pulse and cool, clammy skin. Which is the most appropriate action?
• The most distal four spinal vertebrae fused to form the coccyx is what structure?
• Which incident does NOT require a report to local authorities?
• Open neck injuries MOST life-threatening complication is which?
• All information recorded on the PCR must be:
• A healthy adult at rest breathes at about which rate?
• When palpating the carotid pulse of a responsive older patient, you should:
• Distributive shock occurs when?
• During treatment of a woman in cardiac arrest with an AED, you receive a 'no shock advised' message. This indicates that:
• You arrive at the scene of a motorcycle accident. The rider is unresponsive and still wearing his helmet. Treatment should include:
• Which statement about the EMS medical director and an EMT's scope of practice is correct?
• Which statement is NOT appropriate to document in the narrative section?
• What action best facilitates communication with a hearing-impaired patient?
• After removal from exposure to inhaled poisons, lung damage may continue to progress.
• Which of the following is an example of a symptom?
• When immobilizing the spine of an injured infant for a fall from 3 feet, which of the following is appropriate?
• Narcan administration by the EMT is indicated for:
• Common activities that occur while you and your partner are en route to the scene of an emergency call include all of the following, EXCEPT:
• When evaluating the carotid pulse in an older patient, which precaution should you observe?
• Regarding abdominal evisceration, which action is contraindicated?
• If the umbilical cord protrudes during delivery, the immediate action is to:
• An elderly male in cardiac arrest has been shocked by the AED. After 2 minutes of CPR, the rhythm is reanalyzed and no shock is advised. The patient has a weak carotid pulse and signs of movement. The next action is to:
• The vessel draining deoxygenated blood from the lower body into the heart is the:
• Which device is commonly used to maintain an open airway in an unconscious patient who lacks a gag reflex?
• In healthcare, the spread of HIV and hepatitis is most commonly traced to which risk factor?
• Which statement best describes scene size-up at a motor vehicle crash or other incident?
• The heart's primary pacemaker is the:
• The decision to administer aspirin for chest pain is typically guided by:
• The first rule of safe lifting is to:
• After receiving online orders from medical control to perform a patient care intervention, you should:
• What is the most appropriate chest-pain question to ask a patient with no shortness of breath?
• Normal adult respiratory rate should range from
• Which finding is most indicative of a cardiovascular problem in a patient with shortness of breath?
• General guidelines for managing a patient with a behavioral emergency include which of the following?
• For moving a patient across rough terrain, which device is most appropriate?
• What marks the official handoff of patient care from EMS to hospital staff?
• The white portion of the eye is called the:
• Irregular respirations characterized by an increasing rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea are called:
• Upon arrival at a patient with a partial amputation of the leg and active bleeding, your first treatment should be:
• Motor nerve neuropathy is characterized by which of the following symptom sets?
• The smaller vessels that carry blood away from the heart and connect the arteries to the capillaries are called the:
• Prior to attaching an AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should:
• Which of the following is NOT a common sign of a skull fracture?
• What term describes clouding of the lenses of the eyes?
• Which statement about the effect of aspirin on blood clotting is correct?
• Delivering a patient to the hospital involves all of the following activities, EXCEPT:
• Which injury is MOST likely to cause obstructive shock?
• Which sign is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?
• An abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant occurred after a knife injury. After addressing ABCs and assessing for other life-threatening injuries, how should you care for the wound?
• Where would you most likely find information regarding a patient's wishes to be an organ donor?
• During CPR, when an adult patient with an advanced airway is being ventilated, how often should you give a breath?
• Which statement best describes the reporting requirement when delivering a patient to the hospital?
• Jaundice in a patient with abdominal pain most strongly suggests dysfunction of which organ?
• The MOST common and usually the most serious ambulance crashes occur at:
• Obstructive shock is most directly caused by which condition?
• Most likely cause of acute worsening dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain in an emphysema patient after a forceful cough with unilateral diminished breath sounds
• During patient handoff, the official transfer of care occurs when the EMT:
• What should you do if you need to use an AED on someone who has been submerged in water?
• A drug is contraindicated for a patient when it
• Which statement about the one-person bag-mask device technique is correct?
• When you use the palpation method to obtain a blood pressure, the measurement you obtain is the:
• If the AED indicates a shock is advised, which rhythm is the patient most likely in?
• Which statement about the power lift is correct?
• During CPR on a choking victim, what should you look for each time you open the airway?
• Which statement best explains how a palpable pulse is produced?
• Which of the following is a late sign of heatstroke?
• During delivery, what is the ONLY indication for placing your gloved fingers in the vagina?
• If you cannot palpate a pulse in an unresponsive patient, you should:
• Which is NOT a function of the skin?
• In patients with deeply pigmented skin, changes in color may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the:
• In shock, compensatory responses include which sign?
• Inhalation occurs when which of the following events takes place?
• In a patient with suspected hypoglycemia, the most likely finding on assessment is:
• You should be MOST suspicious that a patient has experienced a significant head injury if his or her pulse is:
• Before you make physical contact with a patient with a knife impalement in the chest, it is MOST important to:
• A patient with RUQ pain and jaundice likely has dysfunction of which organ?
• A crushed arm with deformity, swelling, cold and pale, and absent radial pulse; you should be MOST concerned about which condition?
• Epinephrine is indicated for patients with an allergic reaction when:
• The authority to expand an EMT's scope of practice rests with which entity after proper training and state approval?
• A 19-year-old female is found unconscious; your primary assessment shows inadequate breathing. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. What should you do?
• Heroin is an example of which drug category?
• Which patient is breathing adequately?
• General guidelines for managing a patient with a behavioral emergency include which of the following?
• You have inserted an oral airway and are ventilating an apneic woman with a bag-mask device. She suddenly regurgitates large amounts of vomit. You should FIRST:
• The official transfer of patient care does not occur until the EMT:
• Ischemic heart disease is MOST accurately defined as:
• Which structure connects skeletal muscle to bone?
• In trauma assessment, what should you do after you have opened the airway and confirmed breathing?
• When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an infant or child, you should:
• Under most state laws, when using lights and siren, an ambulance may:
• What ratio for compressions to breaths should be used for 1-rescuer infant CPR?
• The central nervous system is composed of which structures?
• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would be contraindicated in which scenario?
• In the described pulmonary embolism case, which sign was observed?
• What is the expected pupil response to a bright light?
• If the umbilical cord is wrapped too tightly around the infant's neck or around the neck more than once, preventing delivery, what is the immediate action?
• In a team-based resuscitation with three rescuers, what is the recommended role distribution for chest compressions?
• A home delivery of twins requires how many PCRs to be handed in to the ED?
• In addition to external bleeding, open soft-tissue injuries carry the MOST significant risk of what complication?
• Which practice helps reassure an anxious patient during EMT care?
• A patient with blunt chest trauma, RR 6, reduced tidal volume, cyanosis, and hypotension (80/50) should
• Insulin shock will MOST likely develop if a patient:
• Which of the following is NOT typically regulated by the state office of EMS?
• You respond to a construction site with an unconscious, apneic patient who has a pulse. What is the appropriate initial management?
• To select the proper size of an oropharyngeal airway, you should measure from the:
• For an open chest wound with a sucking sound, which dressing is recommended?
• All are components of the EMS system, except:
• A mucosal atomizer device (MAD) is used to deliver medications by which route?
• What is the primary reason for positioning the ambulance uphill, upwind, and upstream at a haz-mat scene?
• The best order for assessment and management of a suspected fracture is:
• Which scenario MOST accurately depicts informed consent?
• Cardiac output may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because:
• Which statement best explains the effect of high humidity on heat loss?
• Which finding indicates a patent airway?
• Vigorous suctioning of a newborn's airway is indicated if:
• Which airway maneuver should be used for an unresponsive patient with suspected trauma?
• You have completed your primary assessment of a 48-year-old man with crushing chest pain. After aspirin and high-flow oxygen, his mental status deteriorates and he becomes bradycardic. What is the most appropriate action?
• Which value defines bradycardia in adults?
• When caring for a patient with a possible fracture of the scapula, the EMT should
• Moderate elevation in intracranial pressure with middle brain stem involvement is characterized by
• Hip fracture management scenario: recommended transport method?
• When splinting a possible fracture of the foot, it is most important to:
• Which statement regarding inhaled poisons is correct?
• A 33-year-old female presents with lower abdominal quadrant pain. She is conscious and alert but in moderate pain. When you assess her radial pulse and cannot locate it, what should you assess next?
• When you assess capillary refill time in an infant, normal color should return within:
• Which statement describes the normal adult respiratory rate range?
• Delivering a patient to the hospital includes all EXCEPT which activity?
• What happens to ventricular filling time when the heart rate is extremely high?
• A laceration is defined as which of the following?
• From which vessel do the coronary arteries originate?
• Which method of measuring blood pressure yields the systolic value?
• Which practice is EXCEPT a method to minimize gastric distention during bag-mask ventilation?
• If you use a waterless handwash product, what is the recommended aftercare action at the hospital?
• The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called
• Which statement is NOT appropriate to document in the narrative section of a PCR?
• A distal numbness or tingling after a leg injury with a gunshot wound most likely indicates
• If you shine a light into one eye, what is the expected direct reflex in the same eye?
• Why is allowing complete chest recoil important when performing high-quality CPR?
• What is a consideration when you are using an AED?
• Draw sheet method reduces:
• Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?
• An open fracture is most accurately defined as a fracture in which:
• Which of the following correctly identifies the three major parts of the brain?
• Which option is NOT listed as a classic sign of hypoglycemia in the provided material?
• At the skate park, a 10-year-old male fell, struck his head, not wearing a helmet. He is responsive to painful stimuli only, with a large hematoma to the back of his head. After stabilizing the head and opening the airway, you determine that his breathing is slow and irregular and his pulse is slow and bounding. You should:
• The greatest risk of tuberculosis transmission occurs when a patient with active TB does what?
• In a wrecked vehicle, which factor is NOT routinely considered when locating patients?
• Battle's sign refers to bruising behind which location?
• In a patient with blunt trauma to the left upper back presenting with diaphoresis, restlessness, hypotension (100/50), tachycardia (120) and labored respirations, what is the recommended initial management?
• Which statement about hemoglobin is correct?
• If a patient is unconscious and requires life-saving treatment, which form of consent is generally assumed?
• Which statement is true about penetrating injuries?
• For a patient with suspected spinal injury, which device is most appropriate for immobilization?
• Usual order of stages of grieving are:
• Full-thickness burns are best described as which of the following?
• When moving a conscious, weak patient down a flight of stairs, you should:
• During transport, if a patient with severe chest pain becomes unresponsive and pulseless, what is the recommended action?
• Ketone production is the result of:
• How do you perform chest compressions when providing high-quality CPR to a child victim?
• Which condition is the sole indication for placing gloved fingers in the vagina during delivery?
• Under which condition may an EMT administer aspirin to a patient?
• A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by which of the following?
• During high-quality CPR on an adult, what action should you ensure is being accomplished?
• With regard to the legal implications of child abuse:
• Which is the most life-threatening complication mentioned with open neck injuries?
• Which statement correctly describes electrical burns?
• The inferior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart from all of the following areas, EXCEPT the:
• For an 8-month-old infant with a severe airway obstruction who is choking and still responsive, which measure is recommended?
• The adult epinephrine auto-injector delivers ___ mg of epinephrine, and the pediatric auto-injector delivers ___ mg.
• In a three-rescuer resuscitation, the third rescuer leaves to get the AED. What is the purpose of this action?
• Which fracture has the greatest potential for internal blood loss and shock?
• Which is the most effective method to assess the quality of air movement in the lungs?
• When a child experiences a blunt chest injury:
• The proper technique for using the power grip is to:
• The central nervous system is composed of which structures?
• Hypothermia is defined as a core body temperature falling below which value?
• A drug is contraindicated for a patient when it:
• A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called:
• What is the essential safety step immediately before delivering an AED shock?
• When administering aspirin under standing orders for suspected cardiac chest pain, you should do what after administration?
• When parking your ambulance at a potential haz-mat scene, you should secure the ambulance:
• Palliating factors regarding a patient's pain are factors that what?
• Simple access is best described as
• Which item is NOT typically considered when assessing a patient’s location inside a crashed vehicle?
• The term 'behavioral crisis' is MOST accurately defined as:
• The most likely cause of this patient’s present condition is:
• What term describes clouding of the lenses in the eye?
• During transport with an estimated arrival of 20 minutes, you should:
• PMS stands for which combination of components?
• Which open soft-tissue injury is limited to the superficial layer of skin and results in the least blood loss?
• The pulmonary artery: which is its function?
• When assessing an infant's ventilation status, you should:
• An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with:
• Which joint type allows rotation around a single axis?
• When approaching a stopped school bus with red warning lights flashing, you should:
• When assessing motor function in a conscious patient, you should expect the patient to:
• The normal respiratory rate for an adult should range from:
• The method to move a patient who is supine in a narrow hallway with severe weakness is:
• Which of the following lists the three major parts of the brain?
• In the third trimester, placing a pregnant patient in a supine position may have what effect on venous return to the heart?
• A palpable pulse is created by:
• The most appropriate method for assisting a patient with a prescribed nitroglycerin under non-acute conditions?
• When immobilizing a child on a long backboard, you should
• To safely lift and carry a patient, all of the following are correct practices except:
• When preparing a pregnant patient for delivery, you should position her:
• For a severe nosebleed without C-spine injury, appropriate treatment includes
• Incomplete avulsion to the forearm: after controlling bleeding, you should?
• Which of the following abnormal breath sounds indicates obstruction of the upper airway?
• A tight-fitting motorcycle helmet should be left in place unless
• If you find the back of the ambulance contaminated with bloody dressings and you lack airway equipment on a call, the best course is to:
• What is the most serious consequence of a poorly planned or rushed patient move?
• A neighbor EMT rushes to a collapsed patient with an AED. What is the first step?
• Which organ is primarily responsible for the decreased clearance leading to higher drug levels in the elderly?
• Standing orders and protocols describe what type of medical direction?
• Which term best defines heroin in the context of the provided material?
• A patient with spontaneous respirations is breathing without assistance.
• Cardiac arrest in the pediatric population is MOST commonly the result of:
• Shortened and externally rotated indicates injury to which region?
• Partial-thickness burns to one hand should be treated by which method?
• A patient with spontaneous respirations is breathing:
• During an EMS call, when should you take standard precautions?
• When assessing a patient with a closed soft-tissue injury, what is most important?
• Observations made when forming a general impression of a patient would include all of the following, EXCEPT:
• Which of the following is an example of a symptom?
• Which action do you perform to relieve choking in an unresponsive infant?
• Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct?
• According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, which of the following is within an EMT's scope of practice?
• For a 60-year-old man with chest pain, which question is MOST appropriate?
• General treatment guidelines when caring for a woman with traumatic vaginal bleeding include:
• After a patient in cardiac arrest has been successfully intubated, you should:
• During your primary assessment of a semiconscious 30-year-old female with closed head trauma, slow breathing and a slow, bounding pulse are noted. As your partner maintains manual in-line stabilization of her head, you should:
• Shallow respirations are characterized by which change in tidal volume?
• When can EMT legally release confidential patient information?
• Delayed onset allergic reactions are most likely to occur in which patient scenario?
• The third stage of labor begins with which event?
• A 37-year-old male has an apparent foreign body airway obstruction. He is conscious and alert and is coughing forcefully. The most appropriate treatment for this patient includes:
• You witness someone suddenly collapse. The person is unresponsive, you hear gasping sounds, and there is no pulse. What should you do next?
• The chief complaint is MOST accurately defined as the:
• After performing a head tilt-chin lift maneuver to open the airway of an unresponsive patient who has a pulse, you should:
• Which is the BEST example of gaining simple access to a patient?
• In a child with suspected airway obstruction due to choking, what is the recommended initial maneuver?
• An 18-month-old female presents with respiratory distress: tachypnea, sternal retractions, clinging to her mother, pink and dry skin, and a heart rate of 120 bpm. The most appropriate initial treatment is:
• A pulse with a consistent pattern is described as:
• Which of the following statements best reflects the general guideline for medevac use in time-critical conditions?
• What is the upper bound of the respiratory rate described for toddlers and infants in the material?
• A common challenge when a single rescuer uses a bag-mask device is that
• Narcan administration is contraindicated in which condition?
• Why do patients with full-thickness burns often not report pain in the burned area?
• Significant trauma to the face should increase the EMT's index of suspicion for a(n):
• Nitroglycerin administered for cardiac chest pain acts mainly to:
• In a seizure case with distressed mother, what should you do?
• A pulse with a consistent pattern is considered to be:
• Despite numerous, sincere efforts to convince a 40-year-old man to consent to EMS treatment and transport, he refuses. After explaining the potential consequences and determining that he has decision-making capacity, you ask him to sign an EMS refusal form, but he refuses to do that as well. You should:
• When approaching a patient with possible neck injury in a crash, you should:
• Following blunt trauma, which sign most indicates kidney injury?
• With an estimated time of arrival at the hospital of 20 minutes, you should reassess the patient’s condition at roughly what interval?
• Which statement best describes the role of epinephrine in anaphylaxis treatment?
• Which end should you begin dragging from with a blanket drag?
• Rough handling of a hypothermic patient with a pulse may cause:
• What is the primary function of the amniotic fluid?
• In the management of a suspected anaphylactic reaction, after giving oxygen and gathering patient information (SAMPLE/OPQRSTI), what is the next EMS action?
• What is the leaf-shaped structure located superior to the larynx called?
• The upper jawbones are called the:
• The term 'bloody show' refers to which discharge?
• Which statement about gestational diabetes is correct?
• Fracture management of a suspected clavicle can be done with a:
• Bruising to the right upper quadrant after blunt abdominal trauma most suggests injury to which organ?
• The MOST appropriate way to manage this violent patient is to:
• One of the primary waste products of normal cellular metabolism that must be removed from the body by the lungs is:
• In the context of airborne infection precautions, which initial action should EMTs take to protect themselves and others?
• A newborn's respirations are absent or depressed (less than 30/min). You should consider all of the following EXCEPT:
• Which vessel in the umbilical cord carries oxygenated blood to the fetus?
• When you receive an online order from medical control to perform a patient care intervention, you should:
• You notice the chest compression rate is slowing during CPR. What should you say to offer constructive feedback?
• Pneumothorax is defined as which of the following?
• A football player with right flank pain and blood in the underwear after a hit is MOST suspicious for injury to which organ?
• Diabetic coma is primarily associated with which combination?
• Which scenario does NOT involve the administration of advanced life support (ALS)?
• During hypothermia management, where should heat packs be placed first?
• For an open neck injury with heavy bleeding, which dressing is recommended?
• Which breath sound is associated with obstruction of the upper airway?
• If the amniotic sac has not broken:
• Which statement best describes when standard precautions should be put on during an EMS call?
• When explaining the need for a procedure to an elderly patient, you should:
• Epinephrine is indicated for patients with an allergic reaction when:
• With standing orders to administer aspirin for suspected cardiac-related chest pain, which step should you take before giving aspirin?
• The MOST reliable sign of a head injury is:
• Capillary refill time is a quick bedside test used to assess perfusion in which population?
• Which lifting method is described as the safest and most powerful?
• During childbirth, the patient presents with a prolapsed umbilical cord. All of the following should be considered EXCEPT:
• During a palpation-based blood pressure assessment, which value is obtained?
• When providing a patient report via radio, you should protect the patient's privacy by:
• In suspected heart attack, aspirin is beneficial because it does what?
• In a remote park emergency, a young female has a severe allergic reaction with labored breathing and very low blood pressure. Epinephrine auto-injectors are on the ambulance and you are approved to administer them. Your partner gives supplemental oxygen, but you cannot contact medical control due to no signal. What should you do?
• Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
• During recovery from a hip fracture, prolonged immobility in an older patient most increases the risk of which complication?
• Pain perceived at a distant point on the surface of the body, such as the back or shoulder, is called:
• The chamber that receives deoxygenated blood from the body is the
• Smooth muscle regulates which structures?
• Which practice protects patient privacy during radio communications?
• Which condition would make the secondary assessment of a sick or injured child potentially not be possible?
• How does respiration differ from ventilation?
• An unstable patient should be reassessed at least every:
• During pediatric ventilation assessment, which method helps confirm adequate ventilation?
• Which of the following is the MOST appropriate device to use when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury?
• An indicator of expanding intracranial hematoma or rapidly progressing brain swelling is which of the following?
• An absence seizure is also referred to as a:
• Which of the following is a common cause of shock in an infant?
• The topographic term used to describe the location of body parts that are closer toward the midline or center of the body is:
• Which of the following is a sign rather than a symptom?
• In infants and children, capillary refill time greater than how many seconds indicates poor peripheral perfusion?
• Which of the following is NOT typically a chief complaint of infectious disease?
• Classic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include which of the following?
• The measurement obtained by the palpation method for blood pressure is the:
• Which organ is part of the digestive system?
• Which finding is most associated with decompensated shock?
• Which organ can tolerate poor perfusion for up to two hours?
• Which statement about the timing of Apgar scoring is correct?
• In which situation should the EMT splint an injured limb in the position of deformity?
• The normal blood glucose level, as measured by a glucometer, is between:
• The act of pulling on a body structure in the direction of its normal alignment is called:
• Diabetic coma is a life-threatening condition that results from:
• Crush syndrome can occur when trapped longer than how many hours?
• In contrast to insulin shock, diabetic coma is best managed in the:
• After administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine via auto-injector to a patient with an allergic reaction, you note improvement in breathing and hives. However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should:
• In assessment of hypoglycemia, which finding is most likely?
• To evaluate hazards present at the scene and determine the number of patients, you should:
• The primary purpose of continuing education in EMS is to:
• The phrenic nerves control the diaphragm and exit the spinal cord at which levels?
• Which description MOST accurately portrays EMS?
• Which nervous system regulates involuntary body functions such as heart rate and digestion?
• When palpating the carotid pulse of a responsive older patient, you should:
• Which description most accurately reflects normal skin color, temperature, and condition?
• Which landmark is used to determine the proper size of an oropharyngeal airway?
• Atrophy is best described as what?
• Which of the following statements about breech presentation is MOST correct?
• Which action is most appropriate when managing a patient with suspected airway compromise due to facial trauma?
• The chief complaint is defined as the:
• What is the purpose of providing 100% oxygen or high-flow oxygen in these emergencies?
• A 28-year-old female patient is found to be responsive to verbal stimuli only. Recent type 1 diabetes with excessive urination and worsening over 24-36 hours. On the basis of this presentation, you should suspect that she:
• If a patient’s pulse is grossly irregular, what is the most reliable method to determine the heart rate?
• You are called for a 35 year-old female motorcycle passenger with neck pain after an accident. She is walking with one hand on her head and the other holding her cell phone. You should:
• According to the rule of palm for estimating burn extent, the palm of the hand represents what percentage of total body surface area?
• Which action would NOT be performed during the scene size-up?
• At a potential haz-mat scene, how should the ambulance be positioned to maximize safety?
• Continuing education in EMS serves to:
• The pressure exerted against the walls of the artery when the left ventricle contracts is called the:
• In a three-rescuer resuscitation, fatigue is managed by rotating the compressor role every
• If a newborn's pulse rate drops below 60 beats per minute at any time, or does not increase above 60 beats per minute after 30 seconds of assisted ventilations:
• When assessing a patient with a behavioral crisis, which approach is recommended?
• Two rescuers begin high-quality CPR while the third rescuer leaves to get the AED. What action supports 2-rescuer CPR?
• The authorization to administer aspirin to a patient with chest pain is based on:
• In a pediatric seizure scenario, what is the recommended approach when a crying mother is present?
• Where should AED pads be placed on the victim?
• Which sign is most indicative of shock in a patient who has experienced trauma?
• If a pulse is irregular, the most reliable method to determine the rate is to:
• Which of the following is the best initial action for a patient with a penetrating wound to the leg with active bleeding when other injuries are present?
• Standard precautions protect responders from exposure to what?
• During CPR on a choking victim who is unresponsive, what modification should you incorporate?
• Which gas is the primary waste product of aerobic metabolism and is expelled by the lungs?
• A semireclined position with the head elevated to facilitate breathing is known as which position?
• Which type of vessel is primarily responsible for returning blood to the heart?
• Which professional is responsible for obtaining continuing medical education?
• During the primary assessment, circulation is evaluated by assessing:
• In the context of a suspected scapula fracture, why is breathing assessment emphasized?
• Which condition is a contraindication to CPAP use?
• Which statement best defines myocardial infarction?
• Which of the following is NOT a component of the Apgar score?
• When you inspect a patient's pupils with a penlight, the pupils should normally react to the light by:
• Which statement best describes the role of the EMS Medical Director in scope expansion?
• Shock is the result of what?
• Gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with:
• Which action best demonstrates proper scene safety when approaching a wreck with potential hazards?
• A transient ischemic attack occurs when:
• Which of the following represents the MOST appropriate method of assisting a patient with his or her prescribed nitroglycerin tablet or spray?
• Which option best describes the 'clear roles and responsibilities' element in team dynamics during a resuscitation?
• What is the depth of chest compressions recommended for a child during CPR?
• In an infant with dehydration, which finding most strongly indicates reduced urine output?
• Which sound indicates swelling of the upper airway?
• Which condition warrants the use of the jaw-thrust maneuver to open the airway?
• When arriving at the scene of an overturned tractor-trailer rig, you note that a green cloud is being emitted from the crashed vehicle. The driver is still in the truck; he is conscious but bleeding profusely from the head. After notifying the hazardous materials team, you should:
• The term for pain perceived at a distant point from the actual source is called what?
• Which of the following patients would MOST likely require insertion of an oropharyngeal airway?
• What is the first step in the assessment of a patient with a behavioral emergency?
• Once entrance and access to the patient have been provided, you should:
• The third stage of labor begins at which event?
• A frostbitten foot can be identified by which finding?
• Which item is NOT appropriate to include in a radio report to the receiving hospital?
• A young male involved in an industrial accident has eyes closed, not moving, with several large contusions on his arms, a forehead laceration with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right leg. What should you do first?
• A 30-year-old man was rescued after being lost in the woods for about 18 hours in 30°F (-1°C). He is unconscious and apneic. In the warmed ambulance, what should you do during the primary assessment?
• An older patient with significant dehydration would MOST likely present with which symptom?
• The Medical Director:
• When evaluating a patient with multiple complaints, the EMT's responsibility is to:
• The standards for prehospital emergency care are regulated by the:
• Upon arriving at a motor vehicle crash, you find a semiconscious patient with a large forehead laceration. What should you do first?
• Which is an example of a primary prevention strategy?
• During insertion of a nasopharyngeal airway into the right nostril, the bevel should face toward which direction?
• The presence of tachycardia after a significant abdominal injury should be interpreted as a sign of what?
• Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patients:
• During neurovascular assessment after a musculoskeletal injury, which item is NOT typically included?
• The leaf-shaped flap of tissue that prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing is called the:
• Neurovascular compromise is often associated with injury to which articulation?
• While using lights and siren, most state laws permit an ambulance to:
• You get called to an elementary school for a child reportedly in cardiac arrest.
• The disruption of a joint in which the bone ends are no longer in contact is called a
• As the sole EMT managing an apneic patient, the preferred initial method of providing ventilations is:
• What term describes a person who habitually misuses a substance and requires increasing amounts to achieve the same effect?
• In patients with deeply pigmented skin, color changes may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the:
• Which muscle type is under direct voluntary control?
• Upon arrival to an unknown emergency, the husband states his wife is depressed and has locked herself in an upstairs bedroom with a handgun in the room. What should you do?
• You are ventilating a patient with a stoma, but air is escaping from the mouth and nose. To prevent this, you should:
• The transfer of patient care is considered complete when the EMT does which action?
• In contrast to inhalation, exhalation:
• Which of the following is typically NOT included when forming a general impression?
• A rapid heart rate can lower cardiac output because:
• EMT Narcan administration is contraindicated in patients in which condition?
• Because honeybee stingers can remain embedded and continue venom delivery after stinging, venom can be injected for up to:
• The pressure exerted against the walls of the artery when the left ventricle contracts is called the:
• Which action should be avoided in a prolapsed umbilical cord scenario?
• In a pediatric head injury case with suspected spinal injury, which action is most appropriate at the scene?
• Shivering generates heat by which mechanism?
• Rapid defibrillation is a link in the adult Chain of Survival. Why is this important to survival?
• Which articulation is commonly linked to neurovascular compromise in the elbow region?
• Which of the following would not on its own interrupt cerebral blood flow?
• A patient at 39 weeks gestation with contractions about 3 minutes apart and ruptured membranes should do which next step after precautions?
• Normal capillary refill for an infant is:
• Which demonstration best reflects professional conduct when a patient is frightened or demanding?
• Among the layers covering the brain, which one is described as tough and fibrous?
• Which condition or factor would be the LEAST likely to result in a change in behavior?
• When parking your ambulance at a secured scene of a motor vehicle crash, you should position the ambulance:
• The femoral head forms a ball-and-socket joint with the ______.
• Which statement best describes the field management for a patient with a suspected allergic reaction to an antibiotic, who presents with a rash and wheezing?
• The determination of whether a medical patient is high-priority or low-priority for transport is typically made when?
• Splinting should be used for all of the following scenarios, except which one?
• After administering nitroglycerin, a patient experiences dizziness and a 30 mm Hg drop in systolic BP; what is the correct position?
• What is the first rule of safe lifting?
• During transport of a patient with respiratory distress who recently tested positive for TB, what protective equipment arrangement is recommended?
• Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation?
• When lifting or moving a patient, which action best minimizes your risk of injury?
• Which finding supports kidney injury after blunt trauma?
• The MOST significant complication associated with facial injuries is:
• The second Apgar score is calculated at 5 minutes after birth.
• Which is NOT a standard practice when parking at a secured crash scene?
• Who is ultimately responsible for authorizing EMTs to perform emergency medical care in the field?
• When approaching a helicopter, whether the rotor blades are moving or not, you should:
• Which of the following is an example of a sign?
• A 22-year-old male with blunt abdominal trauma presents with a large bruise in the right upper quadrant and rapid pulse; the most appropriate treatment includes:
• A patient suspected of being hypoxic but breathing adequately should be given supplemental oxygen with a:
• What is the goal of the primary assessment?
• Which statement correctly describes a contraindication to a drug?
• When the body loses sweat, it also loses which substance?
• Through which vessel does the umbilical cord deliver oxygenated blood to the fetus?
• A 49-year-old man with sudden, severe headache and then fainted, slow irregular breathing, blood pressure 190/94, and pulse 50 is MOST likely to have:
• During CPR, how often should rescuers switch who provides chest compressions?
• Which pupillary change would indicate depressed brain function?
• Which nerve primarily innervates the diaphragm?
• How is nitroglycerin usually given by the EMT?
• A teenage boy sustains a puncture wound where a bicycle kickstand impales his leg. Which method is most appropriate?
• Which leaf-shaped structure lies above the larynx and helps protect the airway during swallowing?
• A protocol is a:
• Which of the following is not typically considered an EMS immobilization device?
• A 20-year-old male pulled from cold water is apneic with a slow, weak pulse. Which actions should you perform first?
• In a pediatric collapse scenario, after confirming that the scene is safe, a single rescuer determines the child is in cardiac arrest, shouts for nearby help, and activates the emergency response system. What is the next action?
• In relation to the wrist, the elbow is proximal.
• Which of the following is an indication of imminent birth?
• Hypovolemic shock caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of:
• Which of the following is NOT a route for drug administration?
• The head and brain receive their supply of oxygenated blood from the:
• The measurement obtained via palpation method for blood pressure is the:
• Which of the following best describes a protocol?
• For a patient suspected of having a neurologic problem, which set of assessments is emphasized?
• While auscultating breath sounds of a patient stung by a yellow jacket, you hear bilateral wheezing over all lung fields. This finding indicates:
• The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used to assess:
• In the state park allergic reaction scenario, where did this incident occur?
• Which statement regarding the AED and defibrillation is correct?
• Contraction of the left ventricle causes:
• The transfer of heat to circulating air, such as when cool air moves across the body's surface, is called:
• The most common cause of pediatric cardiac arrest is:
• Which finding on examination is commonly associated with a hip fracture?
• Contraction of the right ventricle causes:
• Which statement best describes the relationship between inhalation and exhalation?
• Which scenario most strongly supports the use of a medevac helicopter?
• Contraction of the right ventricle causes:
• The arteries supplying the heart muscle originate from which vessel?
• In a 23-year-old with core body temperature 93.4°F (34°C), conscious, shivering, nausea, cold pale skin, and rigid muscles, in addition to monitoring ABCs, oxygen, and turning up the heat, which actions should you take?
• Which portions of the spine have five vertebrae?
• To minimize risk of litigation, EMT should always:
• The foreign substance responsible for causing an allergic reaction is called a(n):
• In which scenario is external bleeding MOST difficult to control?
• Insulin functions in the body by:
• A 49-year-old man, sudden severe headache followed by loss of consciousness, unresponsive, slow irregular breathing, blood pressure 190/94 mm Hg, pulse 50. Most likely experienced:
• Interruption of cerebral blood flow may result from all of the following, EXCEPT
• In which patient should you remove an impaled object?
• Which injury would MOST likely result in hemorrhagic shock?
• A 22-year-old female was ejected from her car after striking a tree head-on. As you approach her, you note obvious closed deformities to both of her femurs. She is not moving and does not appear to be conscious. You should:
• After a 56-year-old man in cardiac arrest is successfully intubated you should:
• When you shine a light into one pupil, the normal reaction of the other pupil should be to:
• Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:
• Which action best confirms you are delivering a breath when using a bag-mask device?
• A 19-year-old male experiences an acute onset of shortness of breath while jogging. His BP is 174/92, pulse 88, respirations 18, SpO2 90%. Diminished breath sounds are heard on the left. What is the appropriate action?
• Which of the following assessment findings is MOST indicative of a cardiovascular problem?
• A semiconscious patient with snoring respirations and a forearm laceration with minimal bleeding should
• When a green hazardous plume is observed emanating from a crashed vehicle, what is the first step you should take?
• In a patient with massive facial trauma and slow, gurgling respirations, you should:
• A common cause of shock in an infant is:
• Which conditions are MOST likely to cause an altered level of consciousness?
• If you are responding to a cardiac arrest call near a school bus with red lights, what is the recommended action?
• After entering a patient area, what is the next priority in patient care?
• Deoxygenated blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities returns to the right atrium via the:
• The most significant complication associated with oropharyngeal suctioning is:
• Which finding would most strongly suggest a cardiovascular problem in a patient with chest pain?
• PMS assessment includes all of the following except:
• Which statement best describes spontaneous pneumothorax?
• The patient care report (PCR) ensures:
• Why is defibrillation important?
• Which finding would indicate kidney damage after blunt abdominal trauma?
• A breech presentation is defined by which presenting part?
• An 8-month old infant is choking and unable to cry; the infant is responsive with a severe airway obstruction. How do you relieve the airway obstruction?
• During management of a young female in a motor vehicle crash with a glass fragment impaled in the eye and a large forearm laceration with active venous bleeding, as your partner stabilizes the head you should
• Which organ is not hollow and is considered a solid organ in the abdomen?
• The elbow is an example of a ______ joint.
• Which of the following is NOT helpful when communicating with a hearing-impaired patient?
• In a child with caustic ingestion who is conscious and breathing and has mouth burns, the immediate management is to:
• When the heart rate becomes exceedingly high:
• When using a blanket drag, you should
• Which action is appropriate when an unconscious patient with a potential airway obstruction regurgitates during bag-mask ventilation with an oral airway?
• Which digits are recommended for palpating a pulse?
• In contrast to insulin shock, diabetic coma is described as being corrected only in the hospital setting.
• Which finding would be most indicative of severe dehydration in an infant?
• The three major parts of the brain are the:
• Which of the following is NOT a typical method for assessing a patient’s breathing?
• Common side effects of nitroglycerin include all of the following EXCEPT:
• A 23-year-old male with severe head trauma is unconscious, has rapid shallow breathing, and copious bloody secretions in the mouth. How should you manage his airway?
• When a warm hand is immersed in water at 70°F (21°C), heat is transferred from the hand to the water through which mechanism?
• Which term best describes a brief interruption in brain function with no identifiable brain tissue damage?
• Which organ is not hollow among the abdominal organs?
• The determination that prompt surgical care in the hospital is more important than performing time-consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on:
• Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include which of the following?
• After assisting with nitroglycerin, what is the recommended immediate assessment action?
• Which element of team dynamics describes the scenario where all team members know their positions, functions, and tasks during a resuscitation?
• A victim with a foreign-body airway obstruction becomes unresponsive. What is your first course of action?
• In the context of head or neck injuries, manual in-line stabilization is used to prevent movement of which structure?
• A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot speak after playing with a small toy. You should:
• The rise in blood levels of medications in the elderly is most likely due to which organ issue?
• In a sprain, which tissue is damaged?
• If you receive a new major motor vehicle crash while transporting, you should:
• In splinting a foot fracture, the toes should remain exposed to monitor distal circulation. Which description best reflects the correct action?
• What is the recommended sequence when you witness a collapse and arrive as an EMT?
• Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing in an adult?
• The primary waste product of aerobic metabolism is:
• When you and a partner arrive at a scene with an unresponsive, apneic, pulseless middle-aged man and no bystander care has been provided, you should:
• Status epilepticus is characterized by:
• Which of the following is NOT an assessment parameter included in the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale?
• Which of the following is NOT a component evaluated by the Glasgow Coma Scale?
• In blunt chest trauma with sternum ecchymosis and rapid irregular pulse, after giving oxygen, what is the recommended next step?
• A 17-year-old male is shot in the right anterior chest. You find an open chest wound with a small amount of frothy blood bubbling. What is the correct immediate action?
• If a patient in cardiac arrest lacks a valid living will or DNR, what is the recommended action?
• Which adverse effect is commonly associated with nitroglycerin administration in a responsive patient?
• Prior to using a stairchair transport, the patient should be:
• In an elderly patient with acute behavioral change and slurred speech, what is an important consideration to assess?
• In responsive patients older than 1 year, palpate the pulse at the _____ artery.
• Pulmonary edema is often associated with:
• What is the anatomical term for the inferior, cartilaginous tip of the sternum?
• The tough, fibrous outer meningeal layer is called the
• High humidity reduces the body's ability to lose heat through which mechanism?
• It is especially important to assess pulse, sensation, and movement in all extremities as well as pupillary reactions in patients with a suspected _____ problem.
• What is the initial action described for approaching a trauma patient with suspected fractures who is unresponsive?
• The number one cause of respiratory arrest in infants is:
• When driving an ambulance on a multilane highway in emergency mode, you should:
• Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT:
• Normal skin color, temperature, and condition should be:
• Which symptom is NOT typically a chief complaint of infectious disease?
• Which action best describes confidentiality of PCR information?
• What should EMS personnel do first when assessing a possible leg fracture?
• Which term best describes the substance that triggers an allergic reaction?
• Which action is recommended for acute epistaxis management when there are no cervical spine concerns?
• What term describes a temporary loss or alteration of brain function without structural brain damage?
• In an emphysema patient with sudden dyspnea and chest pain, a barrel-shaped chest and unilateral diminished breath sounds point to
• If the umbilical cord protrudes during delivery, you should:
• What is the normal range for blood glucose in mg/dL as measured by a glucometer?
• Which statement about distal neurovascular status after limb injury is true?
• All are EMS immobilization devices EXCEPT
• After the AED pads are attached to the victim's bare chest and ventricular fibrillation is detected, what is the next step?
• Twelve pairs of ribs attach to what section of the spinal column?
• In blunt chest trauma with signs suggesting possible cardiac contusion, what is the EMS management priority?
• If a baby is born at 7:52, the second Apgar score should be calculated at:
• A sprain injures which tissue?
• Which statement best describes the cause of an ischemic stroke?
• In a 54-year-old man with a gunshot wound to the leg, with entrance wound medial leg, exit wound opposite side, and numbness in the foot, the immediate action should be to
• The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominal cavity by the:
• The most appropriate carrying device to use when moving a patient across rough terrain is the:
• Which statement best describes abdominal evisceration?
• Which statement about the epinephrine auto-injector is correct?
• Fetal complications associated with drug- or alcohol-addicted mothers include all of the following EXCEPT:
• Which term describes inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues and cells?
• During your visual inspection of a laboring patient, the baby's head crowning at the vaginal opening. What should you do?
• In neonatal resuscitation, a heart rate remains below 60 bpm after 30 seconds of ventilation. What is the next step?
• Abdominal evisceration is defined as which of the following?
• When inspecting a patient’s pupils with a penlight, the normal reaction is:
• What is the recommended action if a chest pain patient becomes unresponsive and pulseless during transport?
• When carrying a patient on a backboard up or down stairs, what should be kept?
• Which chamber is the final recipient of deoxygenated blood before it is pumped to the lungs?
• What is the medical term for the inferior cartilaginous tip of the sternum?
• Shivering is a mechanism in which the body generates heat by:
• When you use the palpation method to obtain a blood pressure, the measurement you obtain is the:
• Reassessment is performed to determine all of the following, EXCEPT:
• Hemoglobin is composed to fulfill which primary role?
• In the described SUV crash, which treatment step is indicated for the conscious passenger with abrasions?
• The term for pain that travels along its nerve pathway to another region is:
• Which victim requires high-quality CPR?
• When assessing a patient displaying bizarre behavior, the EMT should
• Hemoptysis is defined as
• Which action represents a proper hand-off when transferring a patient to hospital staff?
• If a tourniquet is applied, which action is essential?
• When taking blood pressure in an upper extremity, the stethoscope diaphragm should be placed over which artery?
• The myocardium receives oxygenated blood from the coronary arteries, which originate from the aorta.
• What effect does aspirin have on blood clotting?
• What action is performed to relieve choking in an unresponsive infant?
• During pediatric resuscitation, if infant pads are not available, you may use adult pads.
• Pain that moves from its origin to another body location is described as?
• During delivery of the baby's head, you should suction the mouth before the nose because:
• Which scenario clearly establishes a legal duty to act?
• Before delivering a defibrillation shock with an AED, what is MOST important?
• An acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs when:
• In the impaled steel rod scenario, which action is second in the EMT's recommended sequence?
• If a patient with a severe allergic reaction has an epi-pen prescribed but did not carry it today, what should you do?
• The AED is MOST advantageous to the EMT because:
• The major artery that supplies all other arteries with blood is the:
• Match this statement with the most appropriate element of team dynamics: 'Members know their boundaries and ask for help before the resuscitation attempt worsens'.
• Which of the following is a component of the Apgar score?
• Which document would most likely contain a person's organ donor wishes?
• Portable and mounted suction units must generate a vacuum of at least ____ when the tubing is clamped.
• Airborne substances are diluted with:
• You have just delivered a major trauma patient to the hospital. Shortly after departing the hospital, dispatch advises you of another call. The back of the ambulance is contaminated with bloody dressings and is in disarray, and you are in need of airway equipment and numerous other supplies. You should:
• Before moving to a stair chair transport, the patient should be:
• Traction splints are used primarily to immobilize and secure fractures of the
• What is the most effective method of assessing the quality of air movement in the lungs?